evirenz
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EFAVIRENZ : It is a non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor.
Indications: Treatment of HIV infection in combina¬tion with other retroviral drugs.
Dosage: Adult: 600 mg once daily.
Children: Over 3 years : 13-1 4kg body weight : 200mg once daily; 15-19 kg body weight : 250mg once daily; 20-24 kg body weight : 300 mg once daily; 25-32.4 kg body weight : 350mg once daily; 32.5 -39 kg body weight : 400mg once daily; > 40 kg body weight : adult dose.
Special precautions: Hepatic impairment, severe renal impairment, history of mental illness or substance abuse.
Side effects: Rash (including Stevens Johnson syndrome), dizziness, fatigue, impaired concentra¬tion, nausea, headache, insomnia, somnolence, abnormal dreams, occasionally vomiting, diarrhoea, hepatitis. Depression, psychosis, ataxia, anxiety, stupor, vertigo. Raised serum cholesterol, elevated liver enzymes, pancreatitis.
Drug Interactions: Grapefruit juice may affect plasma efavirenz concentration. Antibacterials : Increased risk of rash with clarithromycin. Rifampi-cin reduces plasma concentration of efavirenz. Antidepressants : Avoid concomitant sue of St. John's Wort Antihistaminics : Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias when used with terfenadine. Other antivirals : Efavirenz reduces plasma concen¬tration of amprenavir, indinavir and lipinavir. Efavirenz reduces plasma concentration of saquinavir. Anxiolytics :Risk of prolonged sedation with Midazolam. Oestrogen and Progestogens : Possibly reduced efficacy of oral contraceptives.