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Recommanded drugs
ZIDOVUDINE :
Zidovudine (Retrovir) was first manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline. It was the first drug approved for the treatment of HIV. It is a used for antiretroviral therapy (ART). This drug is also called azido-deoxythymidine. The generally recommended dose is 500mg to 600mg daily (for adults). Zidovudine is also recommended to prevent transmission of HIV from mother to child. It should be given from the 4th month of pregnancy to an HIV affected women. It should be continued till the baby is born and to the new-born baby for six weeks.
Generic versions of Zidovudine are also made by some other companies like Ranbaxy, Aurobindo, and Roxane. The reverse transcriptase enzyme is blocked by this drug. When a patient take Zidovudine he or she may have side effects like headaches, illness, high blood pressure etc. Zidovudine may also react with other drugs. So it should be taken carefully after consulting a physician.
Technical detail
Indications: Asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV disease.
Dosage: Initially 200 mg 6 times daily. Thereafter 500 mg-1500 mg daily in 4-5 divided doses. Chil¬dren over 3 months: 180 mg/sq mts 4 times daily not recommended for children below 3 months.
Contra Indications:- Low heamoglobin levels (less than 7.5g/deci litre). Low neutrophil cell count less than 0.75x10 to the power 9/litre lactation.
Special precautions: Hepatic or renal impairment conduct blood tests at least every 2 weeks for the month. Dose adjustment is to be done if anaemia or myelo-suppression occurs or is present. Drug interaction occurs with analgesics especially paracetamol.
Side effects: Anorexia, myalgia, insomnia, Nau¬sea, rash, abdominal pain, fever, anaemia, neutro-penia, lucopenia.
Special precautions: Hepatic or renal impairment conduct blood tests at least every 2 weeks for the month. Dose adjustment is to be done if anaemia or myelo-suppression occurs or is present. Drug interaction occurs with analgesics especially paracetamol. Drug Interaction : Metabolism inhibited by aspirin, codeine, morphine, indomethacin, ketoprofen, brate, dapsone.Ribavirine (in vitro) antagonises Zidovudine. Probenecid reduces renal excretion.