nalcon
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NALTREXONE: It is an opoid antagonst. It completely blocks the subjective effects of opioids by competitively binging at opioid receptors. Duration of action is dose relted and much longer than that of naloxone.
Indications: Opioid dependence (as andaid to prevent relapse). Adjunctive treatment in chronic alcoholism.
Dosage: Opioid dependnce: Patients should be opioid free for atleast 7-10 days. Inhitiate therapy in specialist clinics only. 25mg initially, then 50mg daily; once stailized, total weekly dose may be diviede and given on 3 alternate days of the week.
Adjunctive treatment in chronic alcoholism : 50 mg once daily.
Contra indications: Patients concurrently depedent on opioids;acute hepatitis or hepatic failure acute opioid withdrawal;patients on therapeutic opioid analgesics; hypersensitivity
Special Precautions : Hepatic or renal impairment; LFTs needed before and during treatment. Test for presece of opioid molecules in the body using urine screeing or naloxone challenge, if required (Patients should be opioid free for atleast 7-10 days prior to initiating naltrexone therapy). Patients are strictly wamed against the use of opioids while on naltrexone. Pregnancy and lactation.
Side effects : Abdominal pain nausea, vomiting anxiety, insomina lethargy headache, mesculosk eletal pain, anorexia, diarrhea, constipation increased thrist, sweating and lachrymation chest pain irrita bliity chills, dizziness, sexula dysfunton rash liver function abnormalities and reversible idiopthic thrombocytopenia.
Drug Interactions: Excessive opioids can result in acute opioid intoxication;in addition excessive opites relase histamine resluing in facial swelling itching and erthema Concurrent hepatotoxic drugs may increase the risk of hepatic dysfunction