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Famciclovir

Famciclovir is an anti viral drug. It is used to inhibit herpes virus. Virus infection can produce chicken pox in childrens, and it can be very harmful if not treated completely. This medicine is used to treat cold sores. Cold sores is a infection which occurs around the lips and mouth. Famciclovir is used to treat genital herpes. This is a sexually transmitted disease occur by performing sexual relationship with an infected person who is suffering from this virus infection.

FAMCICLOVIR : Famiciclovir, a synthetic acyclic guanine derivative, is a prodrug which after oral to produce the anti-herpes virus compound, Penciclovir simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2), and varicella zoster virus (VZV). In cells infected with HSV-1, HSV-2, or VZV, viral thymidine kinase phosphorylates penciclovir to a monophosphate form which is then converted to penciclovir triphosphate by cellular kinase. Penciclovir viral HSV-2 DNA polymerase competively with deoxyguanosine triphosphate, consequently herpes viral DNA synthesis and, therefore replication is selectively inhibited. Penciclovir triphosphate has an intracellular half-life of 10 hours in HSV-1, 20 hours in HSV-2 and 7 hours in VZV-infected cells. Being converted to penciclovir, no famciclovir is detected in plasma & urine. The absolute bioavailability of penciclovir was found to be 77% when oral dose of SOOmg was given and 400mg penciclovir intravenous dose to 12 healthy male patients.

Indications: Treatment of acute herpes zoster, treatment/f suppression of recurrent genital herpes in immunocompetent patients, treatment of recur­rent mucocutaneous herpes simplex infections in HIV-infected patients.

Dosage: In herpes zoster 500 mg every 8 hours for 7 days. In immunocompromised patients SOOmg tid for 10 days. In first episode of genital herpes 250 mg tid for 5 days.ln recurrent genital herpes 125 mg twice daily for 5 days and in immunocompromised patients 500 mg tid for 7 days. In suppression of recurrent genital herpes 250 mg twice daily for up to 1 year, in recurrent orolabial or genital herpes sim­plex infections, the dose is 500mg twice daily for 7 days. Reduction of dosage is recommended in re­duced renal function.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity.

Special Precautions: No data on the safety of the drug in infants. The pharmacokinetics of famciclovir or penciclovir has not been evaluated in patients below 18years. Dosage adjustment is in needed in renal impairment.

Side effects: No life threating reactions. Headache, paresthesia, migraine, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, flatulence, abdominal pain, fatigue, pruritus, rash, and dysmenorrhoea.

Drug Interactions: Clinically significant adverse drug interactions have not been reported. Simulta­neous administration with other antiviral compounds such as acyclovir, ganciclovir, or foscarnet gives synergistic effects.