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It has rapid bactericidal activity and high potency. It spares protective intestinal streptococci and anaerobes. It is active against many Beta lactam and aminoglycoside resistant bacteria. At acidic PH it is less active. It has low frequency of mutational resistance and low propensity to select plasmid resistant mutants. It is rapidly absorbed orally, but food delays absorption and first pass metabolism occurs. It has high tissue penetrability. It is excreted primarily in urine both by glomerular filtration and tubularsecretion.

INDICATIONS: Urinary tract infections, gonorrhoea, chancroid, bacterial gastroenteritis, typhoid, bone soft tissue, gynecological and wound infections, respiratory infections, tuberculosis, gramnegative septicaemias, meningitis, prophylaxis against sepsis in neutropenic patients and conjunctivitis.

CONTRAINDICATIONS: Hypersensitivity.

SAFETY PROFILE: Children: Used under close supervision when absolutely needed.

ADVERSE EFFECTS: Nausea, vomiting bed taste, anorexia, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, anxiety, insomnia, confusion, tremor, seizures at high dose, rash, pruritus, photosensitivity, urticaria, swelling of lips, tendinitis and tendon rupture, joint pain and joint swelling in children.

DRUG INTERACTIONS: By inhibiting metabolism, ciprofloxacin increases the plasma, concentration of theophylline, caffeine and warfarin, NSAIDs may enhance the CNS toxicity of ciprofloxacin: Seizures are reported. Antacid, sucralfate and iron salts concurrently reduce absorption of ciprofloxacin.

DOSAGE: UTI, LRTI, Adult : 250-500 mg bid, Gynecological infections and Skin and Soft Tissue, Bone and Joint infection 500-700 mg b.d. I.V. UTI 100 mg bid, RTI and other infection 200-400 mg bid over one hrs.

Gonorrhoea: Adult 100 mg slow infusion as single dose.