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Fluconazole

Fluconazole is effective fungal infections. It is also used to treat yeast infections of the, mouth, throat, vagina, esophagus, lungs, abdomen, blood, and other parts of a human body. Fluconazole belongs to a class of antifungals known as triazoles. It slows the growth of fungi that are behind the infection. Fluconazole is available as a tablet and in liquid.

Fluconazole also prevents:

• - infection of the membranes covering the brain and spine)
• - to prevent yeast infections in people who may be infected because of chemotherapy or radiation therapy

The duration of the use of fluconazole depends on the condition of the patient and on how well the body responds to fluconazole.

Technical detail:

It is a fluorinated bistriazole and almost completely absorbed fro GIT. Plasma concentrations remain the same whether it is given orally or intravenously and bioavailability is not altered by food or gastric acidity.

INDICATIONS: Oropharyngal candidiasis, oesophageal candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis, vaginal candidiasis, deep candidiasis in allogenic bone marrow transplant recipients and candidemia of nonimmuno-suppressed patients. Cryptococcal meningitis of AIDS and coccidioidal meningitis respond well to fluconazole treatment. It is also active against histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, sporotrichosis and ringworm.

CONTRAINDICATIONS: Not any special.

SAFETY PROFILE : Patients should be warmed with the side effects of specially nausea and toxic oral azole drugs. The antifungal agents presently available fall in to several categories: systemic drugs for systemic infections and topical drugs fro mucocutaneous infections.

Vomiting of the drug. So antiemetic should be preadministered as precautionary measure for better compliance.

ADVERSE EFFECTS: Nausea, vomiting, headache, abdominal pain, diarrhea, skin rash, alopecia, hepatic failure leading death, stevens- Johnson syndrome, teratogenic in animals.

DRUG INTERACTIONS: Fluconazole significantly increases plasma concentrations of astemizole, cisapride, cyclosporine, rifampicin, rifabutin, sulfonylureas, theophylline, tacrolimus and warfarin. Rifampicin decreases concentration of fluconazole.

DOSAGE: For candidiasis 200 mg on first day and 100 mg daily orally thereafter for 2 weeks and for cryptococcosis 400 mg daily orally for 8 weeks. In general the dosage of fluconazole is 50-400 mg once daily orally or intravenously. Children are treated with 3 to 6 mg / kg once daily.